Requirements for materials in processing mechanical parts
Jun 08,2020
Not all materials can stop the processing of precision mechanical components. Some materials are too hard and exceed the hardness of the machined parts, which may cause damage to the parts. Therefore, these materials are not suitable for precision mechanical component processing, unless they are made of special materials or cut by laser. The materials for precision mechanical component processing are divided into two main categories: metal materials and non-metal materials. For metal materials, the hardness is stainless steel, followed by cast iron, then copper, and finally aluminum. The processing of ceramics, plastics, and other materials falls under non-metal materials.
Precision mechanical component processing mainly has requirements for material hardness. For some applications, the higher the hardness of the material, the better, but it is limited by the hardness requirements of the machined parts. The processed material cannot be too hard; if it is harder than the parts, it cannot be processed. The material should have moderate hardness, at least one level lower than the hardness of the parts, and the selection of materials should also consider the function of the machined components.
There are still some requirements for materials in precision mechanical component processing. Not all materials are suitable for processing, such as materials that are too soft or too hard. The former is unnecessary for processing, while the latter cannot be processed. Therefore, it is essential to pay attention to the density of the material before processing.
If the density is too high, it is equivalent to having high hardness. If the hardness exceeds that of the machined parts (lathe cutting tools), it cannot be processed. This not only damages the parts but also poses risks, such as cutting tools flying off and injuring people. Therefore, generally speaking, for mechanical processing, the material's hardness should be lower than that of the cutting tool so that it can be processed.
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