How to choose the right CNC tools and clamping methods
Jun 11,2020
In a machining factory, to achieve relatively high precision in processing workpieces, it is necessary to select the correct tools for cutting the workpieces. There are many key factors to consider when selecting tools, the first being the material and performance of the workpiece, such as whether the material is metal or non-metal, and the hardness, rigidity, plasticity, toughness, and wear resistance of the machining material.
Secondly, it is necessary to consider the type of processing technology established by the machining factory. When machining parts, options such as CNC turning, drilling, CNC milling, boring, rough machining, semi-finish machining, finish machining, and ultra-finish machining should be selected based on the processing technology to determine the appropriate tools.
Additionally, information about the machining workpiece, the cutting amount that the tool can accept, and various auxiliary factors must be considered. This includes the geometric shape of the workpiece, the size of the machining allowance, the technical requirements of the parts, and economic indicators. The cutting amount of the tool mainly consists of three elements: spindle speed, cutting speed, and cutting depth; auxiliary factors include continuous operation time, vibration frequency, power fluctuations, or sudden interruptions, which also need to be considered.
In the machining process of a machining factory, the accuracy of the processed surface relative to other surface positions mainly depends on the clamping of the workpiece. Direct alignment clamping is a method of positioning the machining workpiece on the machine tool using a dial indicator, scribing plate, or visual inspection.
Scribing alignment clamping involves first marking the centerline, symmetry line, and processing lines of each surface to be machined on the blank according to the part drawing, then mounting the workpiece on the machine tool and aligning it according to the marked lines. This clamping method has low efficiency, low precision, and requires a high skill level from workers, typically used in the processing of complex and heavy parts in small batch production or in situations where the blank size tolerance is large and cannot be directly clamped with fixtures.
Using fixtures for clamping is specifically designed according to the requirements of the machining process. The positioning elements on the fixture allow the workpiece to quickly occupy the correct position relative to the machine tool and the cutting tool without the need for alignment, ensuring the clamping positioning accuracy of the workpiece. Clamping with fixtures has high efficiency and high positioning accuracy, but requires the design and manufacture of special fixtures, widely used in machining factories for batch and mass production.
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Address: Fengjia Village, Duliu Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin
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